برنامه‌های اثربخش نهادهای ترویج صادرات در سیاستگذاری توسعه صادرات شرکت‌های دانش‌بنیان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

استادیار مؤسسه مطالعات و پژوهش های بازرگانی، تهران، ایران.

10.22034/jstp.2025.11999.1902

چکیده

تحقق اقتصاد دانش‌بنیان و افزایش پیچیدگی اقتصاد، بدون تمرکز بر ارتقای حجم و تنوع صادراتی محصولات دانشی امکان‌پذیر نیست. یکی از نوآوری‌های نهادی دولت‌ها که اخیراً برای تحقق این هدف، بسیار موردتوجه قرار گرفته، نهادهای ترویج صادرات هستند که برای غلبه بر شکست‌های بازار و توانمندسازی شرکت‌های صادراتی ایجاد شده‌اند. با توجه به محدودیت‌های کشورهای در حال توسعه، شناسایی و تمرکز بر مهمترین و اثربخش‌ترین برنامه‌های این نهادها از الزامات سیاستگذاری است. در این مقاله با استفاده از شبکه عصبی مصنوعی و الگوریتم Moving Backward، برنامه‌های اصلی این نهادها بر مبنای اثربخشی آنها اولویت‌بندی شده است. در این راستا، هشت برنامه اصلی این نهادها از ادبیات استخراج شد و با استفاده از داده‌های 150 شرکت دانش‌بنیان صادراتی، بر اساس میزان تأثیرگذاری آنها بر میزان صادرات، دستیابی به بازارهای جدید و نوآوری اولویت‌بندی شدند. نتایج نشان داد که سه برنامه ارائه اطلاعات بازار، شبکه‌سازی و شناسایی شرکا و تسهیل همکاری تحقیق و توسعه/نوآوری مهمترین برنامه‌هایی هستند که نهاد ترویج صادرات در ایران باید بر آن متمرکز باشند. در نهایت سیاست‌های نوآوری که این نهادها باید طراحی و اجرا نمایند نیز پیشنهاد شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effective Programs of Export Promotion Agencies in Developing Knowledge-Based Companies' Exports

نویسنده [English]

  • Mohammadreza Attarpour
Assistant Professor, Institute of Business Studies and Research, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Achieving knowledge-based economy and increasing the complexity of the economy is not possible without focusing on improving the volume and diversity of exports of knowledge-based products. One of the institutional innovations of governments that has recently received much attention to achieve this goal is Export Promotion Agencies, which have been established to overcome market failures and lack of capabilities of firms. Given the limitations of developing countries, identifying and focusing on the most important and effective functions of these institutions is one of the main responsibilities of policymakers. In this study, using the artificial neural network method and the Moving Backward algorithm, the main functions of these institutions have been prioritized based on their effectiveness. In this regard, eight main programs of these institutions were extracted from the literature and, using data from 150 export knowledge-based firms, they were prioritized based on their impact on export volume, access to new markets, and innovation capabilities. The results showed that the three programs of providing market information, networking and identifying partners, and facilitating R&D/innovation collaboration are the most important functions that export promotion institutions in Iran should focus on. Finally, the innovation policies that these institutions should design and implement are also suggested.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Export of Knowledge-Based Products
  • Export Promotion Agencies
  • Innovation Policies
  • Artificial Neural Network

مراجع

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