شهروندی علمی: فهم و درگیری عمومی از علم و فناوری در بین شهروندان تهرانی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری جامعه‌شناسی مسائل اجتماعی ایران، گروه علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه مازندران، بابلسر

2 دانشیار دانشکده علوم انسانی و اجتماعی دانشگاه مازندران، بابلسر

10.22034/jstp.2020.12.2.1200

چکیده

شهروند علمی به شهروندی اطلاق می‌شود که اطلاعات علمی وی باعث می‌شود در برابر دولت برای خود حقوق و وظایف ویژه‌ای قائل شود و از جمله این حقوق، حق مشارکت علمی است. در نتیجه ما با شهروندانی فعال سروکار داریم که در تصمیم‌گیری‌ها و سیاست‌گذاری‌های علمی کاملاً مشارکت می‌کنند. این پژوهش در صدد پاسخ به این سؤال بوده که آیا شهروندی علمی در میان شهروندان تهرانی شکل گرفته است یا خیر؟ برای پاسخ به سؤال مذکور دو بُعد مهم شهروندی علمی مدنظر بوده است: فهم عمومی و درگیری عمومی در مسائل مختلف علم و فناوری. پژوهش، پیمایشی بوده و با استفاده از روش نمونه‌گیری طبقه‌ای متناسب با حجم، 204 نفر به عنوان نمونه انتخاب شدند. جمعیت هدف مطالعه هم کلیه شهروندان با سن 16 سال و بالاتر ساکن شهر تهران بوده‌اند.
در یک شمای کلی باید گفت که نمود شهروندی علمی، درگیری عمومی شهروندان است. نتایج ابعاد درگیری عمومی نشان می‌دهد که شهروندی علمی به لحاظ کیفیت شکل گرفته است. به عبارتی درهم‌تنیدگی ابعادی چون عضویت، حقوق و همچنین مشارکت در میان پاسخگویانی که بیان نموده‌اند در انجمن‌های علمی عضو هستند کاملاً آشکار است اما به لحاظ کمیت می‌توان مدعی شد که در جامعه مورد مطالعه هنوز شهروندی علمی تعمیم پیدا نکرده است. درباره نتایج تحلیلی پژوهش هم می‌توان گفت که فهم عمومی، نقش پررنگی در درگیری عمومی شهروندان دارد و بنابراین عنصر آگاهی در ترویج شهروندی علمی که به لحاظ کمّی هنوز شکل نگرفته می‌تواند تأثیرگذار باشد.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Scientific Citizenship: A Study of the Understanding and Public Engagement of Science and Technology

نویسندگان [English]

  • Maryam Shaebani 1
  • Nader Razeghi 2
1 Ph.D. Student, Department of Social Science, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
چکیده [English]

A citizen science refers to a citizen, whose scientific information has given him or her special rights and responsibilities against the government, including the right to scientific participation; therefore we are dealing with active citizens who are fully involved in scientific decision-making and policy-making. So, this study sought to answer the key question: whether scientific citizenship has been formed among Tehran citizens? To answer the question, two important dimensions of scientific citizenship have been targeted which are: first public understanding and second public Engagement of citizens in different fields of Science and technology. 
In this study, data was collected by questionnaire. Research population contains citizens of Tehran, that 204 have been selected for this study. the results of the public Engagement dimensions indicate that scientific citizenship has been shaped in terms of quality or in other words the interconnectedness of dimensions such as membership, rights and participation among respondents who expressed in the scientific associations are members; but in terms of quantity, it can be argued that the study population has not yet developed scientific citizenship. The analytical results of this study are: public understanding plays a significant role in the public Engagement of citizens. Therefore, the element of awareness or recognition in the promotion of scientific citizenship, which has not yet been formed, can be effective. 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Public Understanding
  • Public Engagement
  • Science and Technology
  • Scientific Citizenship

مراجع

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