نقش قانون برگزاری مناقصات در سیاست تدارکات دولتی حامی نوآوری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 عضو هیئت‌علمی، پژوهشکده مطالعات فناوری، تهران

2 دانشجوی دکتری اقتصاد بین‌الملل، دانشگاه سمنان

3 کارشناس ارشد مهندسی مواد و متالورژی، دانشگاه تهران

10.22034/jstp.2019.11.3.1018

چکیده

به‌کارگیری خریدهای دولت و بخش عمومی به‌عنوان ابزاری برای تحریک فنناوری و نوآوری از مقطع پس از جنگ جهانی دوم به این‌سو،‌ به‌مرور بیشتر موردتوجه سیاست‌گذاران قرارگرفته ‌است. در کنار تحریک فناوری یا تحقیق و توسعه، یکی از رویکردهای مهم در سیاست‌های تدارکات دولتی حامی نوآوری،‌ به‌کارگیری سیاست‌هایی برای تحریک عمومی فناوری و نوآوری در کلیه خریدهای دولت و بخش عمومی است. مورد اخیر، محور مقاله حاضر برای مطالعه موردی در ایران قرارگرفته ‌است. بر این مبنا، بررسی زوایا و فرصت‌های قانون برگزاری مناقصات مصوب 1383 باهدف ارتقای تدارکات دولتی حامی نوآوری در ایران انجام شده‌ است. به دلیل ارتباط قوانین با یکدیگر، ‌در گام اول، نظام قوانین و مقررات مرتبط با برگزاری مناقصات در کشور شناسایی‌ شده و سپس چالش‌های شرکت‌های دانش‌بنیان و فناور ایرانی برای افزایش سهم در بازار دولت به‌عنوان معیاری برای تحلیل ظرفیت مناقصات دولتی در ایران برای توسعه فناوری و نوآوری بررسی ‌شده‌ است. با پیگیری طرح تحقیق کیفی، رهنمود مصاحبه‌ها تدوین و پس از انجام مصاحبه‌های نیمه‌ساختاریافته،‌ تحلیل محتوای داده‌ها انجام‌ شده‌ است. در انتها نیز چارچوب سه سطحی متشکل از: اصلاحات بخشی در نظام قانونی برگزاری مناقصات،‌ ارتقای نظام‌های پشتیبان و برنامه‌های توسعه‌ای حمایتی پیشنهاد شده ‌است.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Role of Tender Act as Public Procurement for Innovation in Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Meysam Narimani 1
  • Mohammadhossein Peyrovi 2
  • Mostafa Shalbafi 3
1 Assistant Professor, Technology Studies Inistitute (TSI), Tehran, Iran
2 Ph.D. Student of International Economics, University of Semnan, Semnan, Iran
3 MSc of Metallurgical and Material Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Since the post-World War II era, the use of public procurement as a tool to stimulate technology and innovation has been increasingly targeted by policy makers. In addition to stimulating technology or research and development, one of the most important approaches in innovative public procurement is to apply policies to stimulate generic technology and innovation in public procurement. The present article focuses on the case study in Iran on the latter topic. On this basis, all dimensions and opportunities of the Tender Act approved in 2004, with the aim of promoting a innovation-oriented public procurement in Iran has been considered. in the first step, Due to the relationship of the laws to each other, the system of laws and regulations related to the holding of tenders in the country has been identified and the challenges of Iranian technology knowledge-based and innovatiove companies to increase market share in the market has been identified. Following the qualitative research approach, the interview guidelines were formulated and after semi-structured interviews were done, then data content analysis was so. In the end, As a result of the research, the proposed policies were developed at three levels, including reforming the legal framework, reforming and reinforcing support systems and developmental plans.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Innovation Oriented Public Procurement
  • Innovation & Technology Policy
  • Tender Act
  • Knowledge-Based Companies

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