تأمین مالی علم، فناوری و نوآوری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار دانشکده مهندسی مکانیک، دانشگاه کاشان

2 دانشجوی دکترای سیاست‌گذاری علم و فناوری، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران، تهران

چکیده

فرآیند توسعه و تجاری‌سازی فناوری، فعالیتی هزینه‌بر است. از این رو، تأمین مالی علم، فناوری و نوآوری با روش مناسب، در زمان مناسب و از طریق منابع مناسب اهمیت فراوانی دارد. روش‌های تأمین مالی بنگاه‌های نوآور در مراحل مختلف دوره عمر بنگاه، متفاوت است و از منابع شخصی تا بانکی، سرمایه‌گذاران خطرپذیر، تأمین مالی جمعی و بازار سهام را دربر می‌گیرد. بازیگران مختلف، روش‌های متفاوت تأمین مالی را به کار می‌گیرند و در کنار یکدیگر نظام تأمین مالی نوآوری را شکل می‌دهند. در این مقاله، پس از معرفی اجمالی منابع تأمین مالی شرکت‌های نوآور در مراحل مختلف دوره عمر شرکت، بازیگران نظام تأمین مالی نوآوری بررسی شده و در مرحله بعد، ضمن بررسی روندهای جهانی حوزه تأمین مالی نوآوری و نیز روندهای تأمین مالی در کشورهای در حال توسعه، نگاشت نهادی نظام تأمین مالی نوآوری ایران ارائه شده است.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Science, Technology and Innovation Financing

نویسندگان [English]

  • Behzad Soltani 1
  • Marzieh Shaverdi 2
1 Associate Professor, School of Mechanical Engineering, Kashan University, Iran
2 Ph.D. Candidate in, Science and Technology Policy, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Technology development and commercialization process is a capital intensive activity. So, science, technology and innovation financing, by an appropriate method, in appropriate time and by the appropriate resources is a very important issue. Innovative firms’ financing methods vary in different stages of the company life cycle; from personal resources to banking resources, venture capital, crowdfunding, and stock markets. Different actors use different financing methods and together shape the Innovation Financing System (IFS). In this paper we first introduce financing sources for innovative companies at different stages of their life cycle and then explore the players of innovation financing system. Then, while reviewing the global trends of innovation financing and financing trends in developing countries, an institutional map of Iran's innovation financing system is presented.
 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Innovation
  • Technology Development
  • Financing
  • Innovation Financing System
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