سیاست‌های حمایت از شرکت‌های فناور نوپا

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار مرکز تحقیقات سیاست علمی کشور، تهران

2 استادیار پژوهشگاه علوم و فناوری اطلاعات ایران (ایرانداک)، تهران

چکیده

شرکت‌های فناور نوپا به عنوان محور کلیدی اقتصاد دانش‌بنیان برای توسعه فناوری و نوآوری در اقتصاد کشورها ایفای نقش می‌کنند. چابکی و توجه به فناوری‌ها و راهکارهای نوین دانش‌بنیان، آن­ها را نسبت به شرکت‌های سنتی متمایز می‌سازد. این شرکت‌ها با توجه به نوع حوزه فعالیت و اندازه‌شان دارای ویژگی‌هایی مرتبط به خود هستند که سیاست‌های حمایتی آنها را متفاوت از سایر شرکت‌ها می‌نماید. به طور کلی سیاست‌های حمایتی از شرکت‌های فناور نوپا در چهار دسته حمایت‌های تأمین مالی، معافیت‌های قانونی، حمایت‌های توسعه بازار و حمایت‌های توانمندسازی مدیریتی و سازمانی تقسیم‌بندی می‌شوند و سیاست‌گذاران بر اساس ویژگی‌های شرکت‌های فناور نوپا اقدام به طراحی ابزارهای سیاستی در ترکیبی از چهار دسته فوق می‌نمایند. به هر میزان که نظام حمایتی، جامع‌تر و دقیق‌تر به نیازهای شرکت‌های فناور نوپا پاسخ دهد امکان تحقق نتایج موفقیت‌آمیز افزایش می‌یابد. در این مقاله به اهمیت و ویژگی‌های رشد شرکت‌های فناور نوپا به همراه سیاست‌های حمایتی به منظور تحقق این رشد و توسعه پرداخته شده و در ادامه نیز برخی سیاست‌های حمایتی مورد استفاده در کشور بیان شده است.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Suppotive Policies for New Technology-Based Firms (NTBF's)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Reza Naghizade 1
  • Leila Namdarian 2
1 Department of Science Policy, National Research Institute for Science Policy (NRISP), Tehran, Iran
2 Department of Information Policy, Society and Information Faculty, Iranian Research Institute for Information Science and Technology (IRANDOC), Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

New Technology-based Firms play a key role in the knowledge-based economy for innovation and technology development in countries. Agility and Attention to Innovative Technologies and Solutions distinguish these firms from traditional ones. These firms have different attributes depending on the type of scope and size. So their supporting policies are different from other companies. Generally, policy support for NTBF's is divided into four categories of financing support, legal exemptions, market development support and organizational and managerial empowerment support, and then policy makers design related policies tools in one of the four categories based on the features of the NTBF's. Whatever the system of support will respond more comprehensively and more precisely to the needs of NTBF's, the possibility of achieving successful results increases. In this article, the importance and characteristics of the growth of NTBF's, along with supportive policies for the achievement of this growth and development have been addressed, and some of the supportive policies applied in Iran have been expressed.
 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • New Technology-Based Firm's (NTBF's)
  • Supportive Policies
  • Start-Up
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