سیاست‌گذاری علم، فناوری و نوآوری: ابعاد و پیامدهای اجتماعی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

مدرس دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی، تهران

چکیده

در این مقاله، جنبه‌هایی از ارتباط مطالعات اجتماعی با سیاست‌گذاری علم، فناوری و نوآوری بررسی می‌شود. علم، فناوری و نوآوری، زمینه‌هایی مطالعاتی برای پژوهشگران علوم اجتماعی و مدیریت بوده‌اند. فضای همرسی این دو، سیاست‌گذاری است. سیاست‌گذاری علم، فناوری و نوآوری به عنوان بخشی از سیاست‌گذاری عمومی، نیازمند شناخت معنای علم، فناوری و نوآوری در نهادهای اجتماعی، اقتصادی، سیاسی و اداری جامعه‌ است. بکارگیری اطلاعات و درک فرهنگی و تاریخی جامعه در سیاست‌گذاری ضروری است چرا که جوامع انسانی، مکان‌مند و زمان‌مند هستند. یعنی نه تنها جا افتادن یک سیاست خاص در جوامع مختلف شرایط و پیامدهای متفاوتی دارد بلکه بر پایه تجارب تاریخی، در مقاطع مختلف برای یک جامعه نیز ممکن است معنای یک علم، فناوری و نوآوری خاص دگرگون شود. به این ترتیب، هم اجتماعی بودن علم، فناوری و نوآوری مهم است و هم پیامدهای سیاست‌گذاری در مورد آنها برای جامعه. در نتیجه، لازم است مواردی همچون اولویت‌گذاری آنها، اشاعه آنها در جامعه، ارتباط آنها با مردم‌سالاری و پیامدهای اخلاقی‌شان برای جامعه مطالعه شوند. پیش از سیاست‌گذاری، این مطالعات برای سیاست‌گذاری هوشمندانه‌تر و پس از آن برای ارزیابی پیامدها و بهبود سیاست‌ها لازم هستند.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

STI Policy Making: Social Aspects and Cocequences

نویسنده [English]

  • Sadeq Peivasteh
Lecturer in Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

In this article, some aspects of the relationship between social studies and policy making in science, technology and innovation (STI) are examined. STI have been the fields of study for social science and management researchers. The juncion point of these two is policy making. science, technology and innovation Policy making (STIP) as a part of puplic policy, needs to understand the meaning of science, technology and innovation in the social, economic, political and administrative institutions of society. The use of cultural and historical information and understanding of socety in policy making is necessary because human societies are spatial and temporal. Not only the embedment of a particular policy in different societies has different conditions and consequences, but also in different times for the same society, based on historical experiences, the meaning of a particular science, technology and innovation may be different. In this way, for a society, the social aspects of STI is important, as well as the consequences of STIP. To summarize, it is necessary to study issues such as STI prioritizing, STI diffusion, relationship between STIP and democracy, and their ethical consequences for society. Prior to policy-making, these studies are needed for more intelligent policy making and then for evaluating outcomes and improving policies.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • STI
  • Policy Making
  • Social Studies
  • Prioritization
  • Propagation
  • Cosequence
 
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