[1] Fagerberg, J. (1994). Technology and international differences in growth rates. Journal of economic Literature, 32(3), 1147-1175.
[2] Mayor, M. G. O., de la Hera, M. L. B., & Ruiz, E. D. D. (2012). Empirical study of national technological innovation capability in Africa. South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences, 15(4), 440-463.
[3] Freeman, C., Clark, J. & Soete, L. G. (1982). Unemployment and technical innovation: a study of long waves and economic development. Pinter: London.
[4] Fagerberg, J. (1987). A technology gap approach to why growth rates differ. Research policy, 16(2), 87-99.
[5] Silverberg, G., & Soete, L. (1988). Technical change and economic theory (Vol. 988). C. Freeman, & R. Nelson (Eds.). London: Pinter.
[6] Howitt, P. (1992). A model of growth through creative destruction. Econometrica, 60, 323-351.
[7] Grossman, G. & Helpman, E. (1993). Innovation and growth in the global economy. Cambridge: The MIT press.
[8] Juma, C., Fang, K., Honca, D., Huete-pérez, J., Konde, V. & Lee, S. (2001). Global governance of technology: meeting the needs of developing countries. International Journal of Technology Management, 22(7-8), 629-655.
[9] Furman, J. L., Porter, M. & Stern, S. (2002). The determinants of national innovative capacity. Research Policy, 31, 899-933.
[10] Archibugi, D., & Coco, A. (2004). A new indicator of technological capabilities for developed and developing countries (ArCo). World development, 32(4), 629-654.
[11] Godinho, M. M., Mendonça, S. F., & Pereira, T. S. (2005). Towards a taxonomy of innovation systems. Lisbon: Mimeo.
[12] منطقی، منوچهر؛ حسنی، علی؛ بوشهری، علیرضا. (1388). شناسایی چالشهای سیاستگذاری در نظام ملی نوآوری ایران. فصلنامه سیاست علم و فناوری، 2(3)، 87-102.
[13] Archibugi, D., Denni, M., & Filippetti, A. (2009). The technological capabilities of nations: The state of the art of synthetic indicators. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 76(7), 917-931.
[14] Arundel, A., Garrelfs, R. (1997). Innovation measurement and policies, European Commission, Brussels: EIMS publication, No. 50.
[15] Arundel, A., Hollanders, H. (2008). Innovation scoreboards: indicators and policy use, in Nawelaers. C., Wintjes (Eds.). Innovation policy in Europe. Measurement and Strategy. Massachusetts: Edward Elgar Publishing Limited, 29-52.
[16] Stead, H. (1976). The costs of technological innovation. Research Policy, 5(1), 2-9.
[17] Barnal, J. D. (1939). The Social Function of Science. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.
[18] Kline, S. J., Rosenberg, N. (1986). An overview of innovation The Positive Sum Game. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
[19] Freeman, C., (1987). Technology policy and economic performance: lessons from Ja-pan(pp. 11-17). London: Pinter Publishers.
[20] Hippel, E. V. (1988). Sources of Innovation, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
[21] Edquist, C. (2001). The Systems of Innovation Approach and Innovation Policy: An account of the state of the art. In DRUID Conference, Aalborg. 12-15.
[22] محمدی، مهدی؛ طباطبائیان، سیدحبیبالله؛ الیاسی، مهدی؛ روشنی، سعید. (1392). تحلیل مدل شکلگیری کارکردهای نظام نوآوری فناورانه؛ مظالعه موردی بخش نانوفناوری. فصلنامه سیاست علم و فناوری، شماره 4، 19-32.
[23] Fagerberg, J., & Godinho, M. M. (2005). Innovation and catching-up. The Oxford Handbook of Innovation. Oxford University Press, New York, 514-543.
[24] OECD. (1999). Managing National Innovation Systems. Paris: Organization for Economic Coopration and Development.
[25] بیتعب، علی؛ قاضینوری، سیدسپهر؛ شجاعی، سعید. (1392). مدلی برای ارزیابی توانمندی نوآوری در سطح ملی. فصلنامه مدیریت توسعه فناوری، شماره 2، 4-29.
[26] United Nations Development Program (UNDP). (2001). Human De-velopment Report 2001, Making New Technologies Work for Human Development. New York: Oxford University Press. http://www.undp.org
[27] Lall, S., & Pietrobelli, C. (Eds.). (2002). Failing to compete: Technology development and technology systems in Africa. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing.
[28] UNIDO (United Nations Industrial Development Organization). (2005). Industrial Development Report 2005-2006. Competing through innovation and learning. Vienna: UNIDO.
[29] World Bank. (2006). World Development Indicators. Washington, DC: The World Bank.
[30] Godinho, M., Mendonca, S., & Pereira, T. (2003, December). Mapping innovation systems: A framework based on innovation data and indicators. In International Workshop on Empirical Studies on Innovation in Europe.
[31] European Commission (Ed.)., (2006). Brussels: European Innovation Scoreboard.
[32] ESCWA Annual Report. (2009).
[33] Nasierowski, W., & Arcelus, F. J. (1999). Interrelationships among the elements of national innovation systems: a statistical evaluation. European Journal of Operational Research, 119(2), 235-253.
[34] Nasierowski, W., & Arcelus, F. J. (2003). On the efficiency of national innovation systems. Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, 37(3), 215-234.
[35] Niosi, J. (2002). National systems of innovations are “x-efficient”(and x-effective): Why some are slow learners. Research policy, 31(2), 291-302.
[36] Carlsson, B., Jacobsson, S., Holmén, M., & Rickne, A. (2002). Innovation systems: analytical and methodological issues. Research policy, 31(2), 233-245.
[37] World Economic Forum (WEF). (2001-2003). The Global Competitiveness Report. New York: Oxford University Press.
[38] WUNSCH-VINCENT, S. A. C. H. A. (2012). The Global Innovation Index 2012: stronger innovation linkages for global growth. The Global Innovation Index 2012, 3.
[39] Wagner, C. S., Brahmakulam, I., Jackson, B., Wong, A., & Yoda, T. (2001). Science and technology collaboration: Building capability in developing countries (No. RAND/MR-1357.0-WB). RAND CORP SANTA MONICA CA.
[40] Gogodze, J. (2013). Composite indicator ECAICI and positioning of Georgia’s innovative capacities in Europe-Central Asia Region. MPRA Paper, (43921).