نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 گروه علوم تربیتی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران
2 دانشیار دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Despite the significant growth in scientific output at Iranian public universities, technology transfer and the commercialization of research outputs continue to face numerous challenges. The gap between university and industry is recognized as one of the main barriers to the development of a knowledge‑based economy. Technology Readiness Levels (TRL), originally developed by NASA to assess the technical maturity of a specific technology, are today one of the most widely recognized technology management tools for readiness assessment, risk reduction, and investment decision‑making. However, its capacity to improve the institutional process of technology transfer in Iranian public universities—particularly with context‑specific empirical evidence—has received limited attention.
This qualitative, applied, and exploratory study draws on a structured and purposive literature review (reported following the PRISMA 2020 framework). It first presents a process model of university‑to‑industry technology transfer that is independent of TRL, and then identifies at which points in this process TRL—as a measure of the technical maturity of a specific technology or technological project, not of the entire transfer process—can inform decision‑making. Through a comparative analysis of the international TRL literature and domestic evidence on technology transfer barriers, each component of the proposed framework is explicitly attributed either to literature evidence, conceptual synthesis by the authors, or policy recommendation.
The findings suggest that TRL, provided there is a clear definition of the unit of analysis, transparent governance of the assessment process, and concurrent use with complementary commercialization‑readiness indicators, can serve as a shared language and decision‑making tool within the "Valley of Death" (operationalized in this study as TRL 4–6) between university and industry. This framework is a conceptual proposal grounded in indirect evidence and limited domestic case studies, rather than an empirically tested finding; its validation through empirical research in specific public universities is a necessary direction for future study.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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