آرایه‌شناسی مأموریت‌محور پارک‌های علم و فناوری ایران براساس تحلیل محتوای اسناد راهبردی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه پژوهشی سیاست فناوری و نوآوری، موسسه تحقیقات سیاست علمی کشور. تهران، ایران

2 دانشجوی دکتری رشته مطالعات نوآوری و توسعه فناوری‌های راهبردی، موسسه تحقیقات سیاست علمی کشور، تهران، ایران.

3 استادیار گروه سیاست علوم و تحقیقات، مؤسسه تحقیقات سیاست علمی کشور. تهران، ایران

4 استادیار گروه ارزیابی سیاست ها و پایش علم، فناوری و نوآوری، مؤسسه تحقیقات سیاست علمی کشور. تهران، ایران.

10.22034/jstp.2025.12103.1954

چکیده

پارک‌های علم و فناوری در سراسر جهان به‌عنوان ابزار سیاست‌گذاری نوآوری، از طریق هم‌جواری بنگاه‌های دانش‌بنیان و فناور و بهره‌گیری از اثرات تجمعی، به ارتقای کارآفرینی فناورانه کمک کرده‌اند. با وجود پژوهش‌های فراوان درباره تنوع ساختار، اهداف و نقش‌های پارک‌های علم و فناوری در سطح بین‌المللی، در ایران هنوز مطالعات نظام‌مند برای طبقه‌بندی و مقایسه میان پارک‌ها محدود است. مطالعه انجام‌شده، با هدف پرکردن این خلأ، به آرایه‌شناسی پارک‌های علم و فناوری ایران می‌پردازد. داده‌ها از اسناد راهبردی هفده پارک علم و فناوری که اسناد آن‌ها در دسترس بود، استخراج شد. تحلیل با نرم‌افزار مکس‌کیودا و از طریق کدگذاری باز و محوری، تدوین ماتریس تطبیق پارک-مأموریت و به‌کارگیری روش طبقه‌بندی انجام گرفت. یافته‌ها نشان می‌دهد پارک‌های ایران را می‌توان در چهار طبقه مأموریتی اصلی دسته‌بندی کرد: (1) جامع/افقی با رویکرد پوشش طیف وسیعی از فناوری‌ها و خدمات، (2) حوزه‌ای/عمودی با تمرکز بر خوشه‌های تخصصی و زنجیره‌های ارزش مشخص؛ (3) شبکه‌سازی ملی و بین‌المللی با مأموریت میانجی‌گری برای اتصال بازیگران، توسعه بازارهای صادراتی و جذب سرمایه‌گذاری خارجی و (4) منطقه‌ای با جهت‌گیری حل مسائل بومی، توسعه نیروی انسانی و پیوند با سیاست‌های آمایش سرزمین. نتایج این پژوهش می‌تواند راهنمایی عملیاتی برای سیاست‌گذاران جهت طراحی ساز‌وکارهای حمایتی متمایز، تخصیص هدفمند منابع و توسعه شاخص‌های ارزیابی عملکرد مبتنی بر مأموریت فراهم آورد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Mission-Oriented Taxonomy of Iran’s Science and Technology Parks Based on Content Analysis of Strategic Documents

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hossein Heirani, 1
  • Fateme Ghomshe 2
  • Shohreh Nasri 3
  • Mahdieh Farazkish 4
1 Mission-Oriented Taxonomy of Iran’s Science and Technology Parks Based on Content Analysis of Strategic Documents
2 PhD candidate at National Research Institute for Science Policy. Tehran. Iran.
3 Assistant Professor, Science and Research Policy Department, National Research Institute for Science Policy, Tehran, Iran.
4 Assistant Professor, Policy Evaluation and STI Monitoring Department, National Research Institute for Science Policy, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Science and technology parks around the world have contributed to the promotion of technology-based entrepreneurship as policy instruments for innovation by co-locating knowledge-based and technology firms and leveraging agglomeration effects. Despite numerous studies on the diversity of structures, objectives, and roles of science and technology parks at the international level, systematic research for classifying and comparing parks in Iran remains limited. This study seeks to address this gap by developing a taxonomy of Iranian science and technology parks. Data were extracted from the strategic documents of seventeen science and technology parks whose documents were accessible. The analysis was conducted using MAXQDA software through open and axial coding, the construction of a park–mission matching matrix, and the application of a classification method. The findings indicate that Iranian parks can be grouped into four main mission-based categories: (1) comprehensive/horizontal parks with a focus on covering a wide range of technologies and services; (2) sectoral/vertical parks with an emphasis on specific specialized clusters and defined value chains; (3) national and international networking parks with an intermediary mission to connect actors, develop export markets, and attract foreign investment; and (4) regional parks oriented toward addressing local problems, developing human resources, and aligning with territorial planning policies. The results provide an operational guide for policy-makers to design differentiated support mechanisms, allocate resources in a more targeted manner, and develop mission-based performance evaluation indicators.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Taxonomy
  • Science and Technology Park
  • Mission Orientation
  • Open Coding
  • Axial Coding
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