مدل سیاست‌گذاری و توسعه مراکز نوآوری در ایران: شواهدی مبتنی بر نظریه داده‌بنیاد

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه تأمین مالی و اقتصاد علم، فناوری و نوآوری، مؤسسه تحقیقات سیاست علمی کشور. تهران. ایران

2 استادیار ، گروه ارزیابی سیاست ها و پایش علم، فناوری و نوآوری، موسسه تحقیقات سیاست علمی کشور، تهران. ایران.

3 استادیار دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد تهران جنوب، تهران، ایران.

10.22034/jstp.2025.12019.1914

چکیده

مراکز نوآوری به‌عنوان نهادهای واسطه‌ای کلیدی در بوم‌سازگان نوآوری، نقشی حیاتی در توسعه کارآفرینی، تسهیل تعامل بین بازیگران و ذی‌نفعان بوم‌سازگان نوآوری و در نهایت توسعه اقتصاد منطقه‌ای ایفا می‌کنند. این پژوهش با هدف طراحی مدل پارادایمی بومی برای توسعه مراکز نوآوری در ایران با استفاده از روش نظریه داده‌بنیاد و داده‌های میدانی حاصل از مصاحبه با ۱۹ خبره بوم‌سازگان نوآوری ایران انجام شده است. ناکارآمدی مراکز نوآوری در ایران، به‌عنوان پدیده محوری این پژوهش در نظر گرفته شده است. بر این اساس، یافته‌ها نشان می‌دهد شرایط علّی شکل‌گیری و توسعه مراکز نوآوری در ایران شامل یادگیری سطحی و بدون بومی‌سازی مفهوم در شکل‌گیری مراکز نوآوری و عدم شفافیت نهادی و کارکردی در مراکز نوآوری است. شرایط زمینه‌ای نیز دربردارنده ضعف در حکمرانی نوآوری و بی‌توجهی به آمایش سرزمینی، وابستگی مالی و اداری مراکز نوآوری به منابع دولتی و ضعف در برنامه‌ها و خدمات پشتیبان است. ازسوی دیگر، شرایط مداخله‌گر مانند ساختارهای اجرایی ناسازگار با الزامات نوآوری و وفور نهادهای فاقد کارکرد اجرایی در بوم‌سازگان نوآوری، چالش‌هایی مهم بر سر راه توسعه مراکز نوآوری اثربخش در کشور ایجاد کرده‌اند. راهبردهای پیشنهادی این پژوهش شامل تحول در حکمرانی نوآوری، توسعه مهارت‌ها و توانمندی‌های نرم و سخت و توسعه شبکه‌های همکاری ملی و بین‌المللی است. براساس نظر خبرگان، اجرای این راهبردها، پیامدهایی شامل جهش متوازن توسعه بوم‌سازگان نوآوری در سطح ملی و بین‌المللی، رشد بهره گیری از ظرفیت قانون جهش تولید دانش بنیان جهت سرمایه‌گذاری بازیگران مختلف در بوم‌سازگان نوآوری و ارتقای کیفیت و اثربخشی مراکز نوآوری در بوم‌سازگان نوآوری را در پی خواهد داشت. این مطالعه با ارائه مدلی جامع و بومی، چهارچوبی برای سیاست‌گذاران و مدیران مراکز نوآوری فراهم می‌کند تا با عبور از چالش‌های ساختاری، به سمت نقش‌آفرینی مؤثر در بوم‌سازگان نوآوری کشور حرکت کنند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Policymaking and Developing Model of Innovation Center in Iran: Evidence Based on Grounded Theory

نویسندگان [English]

  • Marzieh Shaverdi 1
  • zahra mohammadhashemi 2
  • zohreh karimmian 3
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Economics and STI Financing, National Research Institute for Science Policy (NRISP), Tehran, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Policy Evaluation & STI Monitoring, National Research Institute for Science Policy (NRISP), Tehran, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Islamic Azad University, South Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Innovation centers, as key innovation intermediaries in the ecosystem, play a vital role in fostering entrepreneurship and facilitating interactions among innovation ecosystem’ players and stakeholders. This study aims to design a localized paradigmatic model for the development of innovation centers in Iran, employing the Grounded Theory methodology and field data gathered from interviews with 19 experts from Iran’s innovation ecosystem. Inefficiency of innovation centers in Iran, is considered as the central phenomenon of this research. Accordingly, the findings indicate that the causal conditions include superficial learning without localization of the concept in the formation of innovation centers, as well as a lack of institutional and functional transparency within these centers. The background conditions also include weaknesses in innovation governance and disregard for territorial planning, as well as financial and administrative dependence of innovation centers on government resources, and a lack of support programs and services. On the other hand, intervening conditions such as executive structures incompatible with innovation requirements and the abundance of institutions without executive functions in innovation ecosystems have created important challenges to the development of effective innovation centers in the country. The strategies proposed in this study include transformation in innovation governance, development of soft and hard skills and capabilities, and development of national and international cooperation networks.According to experts, implementation of these strategies will lead to consequences such as balanced growth of the innovation ecosystem, Utilizing the capacity of the law of knowledge-based production leap  to develop investments, and enhanced service quality in innovation centers. By presenting a comprehensive and indigenous model, this study provides a framework for policymakers and innovation center directors to overcome structural challenges and move towards playing an effective role in the country's innovation ecosystem.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Innovation Intermediaries
  • Innovation Center
  • Entrepreneurship development infrastructure
  • Grounded Theory
  • Innovation Ecosystems
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