تحلیل تأثیرمؤلفه‌های آزادی اقتصادی بر مؤلفه‌های عملکرد دانشگاه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

دانشیار مؤسسه پژوهش و برنامه‌ریزی آموزش عالی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

طبق نظریه سیستم‌های بوم‌شناختی انسانی، افراد، گروه‌ها، سازمان‌ها و نهادها در یک سرزمین، در تعامل با یکدیگر سیستم‌های اقتصادی، اجتماعی، فرهنگی و سیاسی یکپارچه‌ای را شکل می‌دهند که در کل بوم‌سازگان انسانی نامیده می‌شود. عملکرد و سطح توسعه بوم‌سازگان به کمّیت و کیفیت اعضای آن، و به کمیت و کیفیت تعامل آنها وابسته است. بوم‌سازگان و تک تک اعضای تشکیل‌دهنده‌اش نیز در تعامل هستند. کیفیت بوم‌سازگان عملکرد گونه‌های مختلف افراد، گروه‌ها سازمان‌ها و نهادها را تحت تأثیر قرار می‌دهد. گشودگی و آزادی یکی از ویژگی‌های مهم کیفیت بوم‌سازگان است و به نظر می‌رسد هر قدر میزان گشودگی و آزادی در بوم‌سازگان بیشتر باشد، عملکرد افراد، گروه‌ها، سازمان‌ها  و نهادهای واقع در آن بهتر خواهد بود. دانشگاه یکی از این نهادها است و مطالعات زیادی ر رابطه با تأثیر این نهاد بر بوم‌سازگان خود صورت گرفته، اما، تأثیر بوم‌سازگان بر این نهاد کمتر مورد توجه بوده‌است. بنابراین، هدف مقاله حاضر « تحلیل تأثیر آزادی اقتصادی(به عنوان یک بعد از بوم‌سازگان) بر عملکرد دانشگاه‌ها » بوده‌است. برای این منظور از رویکرد توصیفی-تحلیلی، روش اسنادی، داده‌های مقطعی ثانویه در سال 2024 و تکنیک  مدل سازی معادلات ساختاری استفاده شده است. نتایج تحلیل‌ها نشان می‌دهد که اکثر تعیین کننده های آزادی اقتصادی در حوزه های حاکمیت قانون، اندازه دولت، کارایی تنظیم گیری و گشودگی بازارها تأثیر مثبت بر عملکرد دانشگاه در سه حوزه ملی، اثرات ملی و بین المللی دارند. بنابراین، می توان نتیجه گرفت که هر قدر اقتصاد کشوری آزادتر و رقابتی‌تر باشد، دانشگاه‌های موجود در آن عملکرد بهتری خواهند داشت. از این رو، کشورهای در حال توسعه‌ای مانند ایران که از نبود آزادی اقتصادی رنج می‌برند، اگر بخواهند عملکرد دانشگاه‌ها و بوم‌سازگان دانش خود را ارتقاء دهند، باید نظام اقتصادی خود را آزادسازی و رقابتی‌تر کنند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Analysis of the Impact of Economic Freedom Components on University Performance Components

نویسنده [English]

  • Yaghoub Entezari
Associate Professor, Institute for Higher Education Research and Planning, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

According to the theory of human ecological systems (theory of human ecosystems), individuals, groups, organizations, and institutions in a territory, in interaction with each other, form integrated economic, social, cultural, and political systems, which are collectively called the human biome. The performance and level of development of the ecosystem depends on the quantity and quality of its members, and on the quantity and quality of their interaction. The ecosystem and its individual constituent members also interact. The quality of the ecosystem affects the performance of different types of individuals, groups, organizations, and institutions. Openness and freedom are one of the important characteristics of the quality of the ecosystem. It seems that the greater the degree of openness and freedom in the biome, the better the performance of individuals, groups, organizations, and institutions located in it. The university is one of these institutions. Many studies have been conducted on the impact of this institution on its biome. However, the impact of the ecosystem on this institution has received less attention. Therefore, the aim of the present article was to "analyze the impact of economic freedom (as a dimension of the biome) on the performance of universities." For this purpose, a descriptive-analytical approach, documentary method, secondary cross-sectional data in 2024, and structural equation modeling technique were used. The results of the analyses show that most of the determinants of economic freedom in the areas of rule of law, government size, regulatory efficiency, and market openness have a positive impact on university performance in the three areas of national, international and outcomes. Therefore, it can be concluded that the freer and more competitive a country's economy is, the better the universities in it will perform. Therefore, developing countries like Iran, which suffer from the lack of economic freedom, must liberalize and make their economic system more competitive if they want to improve the performance of their universities and knowledge ecosystem.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Economic Freedom
  • Market Openness
  • Knowledge Ecology
  • Knowledge Development Ecosystem
  • University Performance
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