بررسی چالش‏های تأمین مالی مؤسسات پژوهشی دولتی در ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

استادیار گروه تأمین مالی و اقتصاد علم، فناوری و نوآوری، مرکز تحقیقات سیاست علمی کشور، تهران، ایران

چکیده

فعالیت‏های پژوهشی لازمه توسعه کشورهاست و این امر تقاضا برای منابع مالی پژوهش را افزایش داده است. هدف از این مطالعه، شناسایی چالش‏های تأمین مالی مؤسسات پژوهشی دولتی در ایران (با تمرکز بر موسسات پژوهشی ستادی وزارت عتف) و پیشنهاد راهکارهای قانونی برای رفع آنهاست. بدین منظور مصاحبه‏های نیمه‏ساخت‏یافته با خبرگان انجام و پس از پیاده‏سازی، کدگذاری و تحلیل نتایج با استفاده از نرم‏افزار مکس‏کیودا 2020 چالش‏های مزبور ذیل پنج گروه طبقه‏بندی شده که به ترتیب از حیث تعداد چالش‏ها عبارتند از: پایین بودن اثربخشی هزینه‏کرد و کارایی فرآیند مصرف منابع، ضعف نظام ارزیابی برای تأمین مالی عملکردمحور مؤسسات، ضعف عملکرد هیأت امنا، هیأت رئیسه در ارتباط با تأمین مالی و عدم استقلال مؤسسات در هزینه‏کرد منابع، تنوع سازوکارهای تأمین مالی و افزایش فشار بر مؤسسات برای افزایش درآمد اختصاصی. بخشی از این چالش‏ها با اصلاح و تقویت قوانین مرتبط قابل رفع است، برای مثال می‏توان به اصلاح ساختار بودجه و بودجه‏ریزی مبتنی بر عملکرد با توجه به تفاوت ماهیت پژوهش و فعالیت ‏های اجرایی و تمایز موسسات از منظر مأموریت‏گرایی، ایجاد سازوکار‏های انعطاف‏ پذیر‏تر و رقابتی ‏تر ضمن توجه به هدایت فعالیت‏ ها، تعیین اولویت ‏ها، استقلال مؤسسات و تعیین اولویت سازوکارها و نظارت بر منابع مالی دولتی توسط یک نهاد ملی اشاره کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating the Challenges of Funding Public Research Institutions in Iran

نویسنده [English]

  • Parisa Alizadeh
Assistant Professor, Department of STI Financing & Economics, National Research Institute for Science Policy,
چکیده [English]

The quantitative and qualitative expansion of research activities is necessary for the development of all countries in different aspects for example economic, social, cultural, and political dimensions, and this has increased the demand for various and new resources for funding research. The purpose of this study is to identify and classify the challenges of financing public research institutions in Iran and to propose some modifications in related laws and regulations in order to solve those challenges. For this purpose, first, semi-structured interviews were conducted with experts and after implementation, coding, and analysis of the results using MAXQDA2020, the aforementioned challenges were classified under five groups, in terms of the number of challenges are low cost-effectiveness and resource-consuming process efficiency, a weak evaluation system for performance-based financing of the institutions, the weak performance of the board of trustees, board of directors in connection with financing and lack of the institutions’ autonomy in the expenditure of resources, lack of the diversification of financing mechanisms and excessive emphasis on attracting external income. Some of these challenges can be solved by amending and strengthening relevant laws, for example, it is possible to amend the budget structure and performance-based budgeting, considering the difference in the nature of research and executive activities and the differentiation of institutions from the perspective of mission, establishing more flexible and competitive funding mechanisms while paying attention to guiding activities, setting priorities, independence of institutions and setting the priority of mechanisms and monitoring government financial resources by a national research agency.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • public research institutions
  • mission orientation
  • funding challenges
  • legal solutions
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