گونه‌شناسیِ مأموریت‌محورِ مؤسسات پژوهشی دولتی در نظام ملی نوآوری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه سیاست علوم و تحقیقات، مرکز تحقیقات سیاست علمی کشور، تهران ایران.

2 دانشیار دانشکده مدیریت و حسابداری، دانشگاه علامه‌‌طباطبایی، تهران، ایران.

3 دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت فناوری، دانشگاه علامه‌‌طباطبایی، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

مؤسسات پژوهشی از جمله کلیدی‌ترین بازیگران نظام ملی نوآوری محسوب می‌شوند که نقش بسیار مهمی در تعیین جهت‌گیری‌ها و جریانات علم و فناوری ایفا می‌کنند. لذا شفاف‌سازیِ جایگاه آنها در نظام نوآوری و متعاقباً جهت‌دار کردنِ مسیر حرکت آنها از اهمیت بسزایی در راستای مأموریت‌گراییِ آنها برخوردار است. با این حال،‌ شواهد موجود حاکی از آن است که کارکردهای مورد انتظارِ این مؤسسات به طور مؤثر محقق نشده است. یکی از دلایل آن می‌تواند ناشی از فقدان چارچوبی مأموریت‌محور از انواع این مؤسسات و رفتار مورد انتظار از آنها در نظام ملی نوآوریِ باشد. لذا، هدف اصلی پژوهش حاضر شناسایی دقیق کارکردهای اصلی مؤسسات پژوهشی دولتی و حوزه‌های تمرکز آنها بر اساس روش مرور نظام‌مند ادبیات و بررسیِ تطبیقیِ برخی نمونه‌های خارجی و متعاقباً ارائه چارچوبی برای گونه‌شناسیِ مؤسسات پژوهشیِ دولتی به منظور فراهم آوردن مبنایی جهت تخصیص مأموریت به آنها است. یافته‌های پژوهش حاکی از آن است که 5 نوع مؤسسه پژوهشی شامل «مؤسسات پژوهشی علمی‌بنیادی»، «مراکز سیاست‌پژوه و اتاق‌های فکر»، «مؤسسات پژوهشی فناورانه و صنعتی»، «مؤسسات پژوهش و فناوری» و «مؤسسات پژوهشیِ مسئله‌محور» بر اساس دو بُعد حوزه‌های کارکردی و تمرکز در زنجیره نوآوری قابل تفکیک هستند که می‌تواند مبنایی برای تعیین مأموریت آنها و متعاقباً برنامه‌ریزی در راستای جهت‌گیری برخی الزامات مدیریتی در این مؤسسات باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Mission-oriented Typology of Public Research Institutions in the National Innovation System

نویسندگان [English]

  • Shohreh Nasri 1
  • Soroush Ghazinoori 2
  • Niloofar Radaei 3
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Science and Research Policy, National Research Institute for Science Policy, Tehran, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Faculty of Management & Accounting, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tehran, Iran
3 Ph.D. Candidate in Technology Management, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Research institutions are among the key actors in the national innovation system, which play a very important role in determining the directions and trends of science and technology. Therefore, clarifying their position in the innovation system and directing their movement path is very important in line with their mission orientation. However, the available evidence indicates that the expected functions of these institutions have not been effectively realized. One of the reasons can be due to the lack of a mission-oriented framework of these types of institutions and the behavior expected from them in the national innovation system. Therefore; the main goal of the current research is to accurately identify the main functions of government research institutions and their areas of focus based on a systematic literature review and a comparative study of some foreign examples and subsequently to provide a typological framework for government research institutions in order to provide a basis for determining their mission. The findings of the research indicate that there are 5 types of research institutes including "basic scientific research institutes", "policy research institutes and think tanks"; "technological and industrial research institutes"; "research and technology institutes" and " "Problem-oriented research institutions" can be separated based on two dimensions of functional areas and focus in the innovation chain which can be a basis for determining their mission and subsequently planning in line with the direction of some management requirements in these institutions. Research institutions are among the key actors in the national innovation system, which play a very important role in determining the directions and trends of science and technology in the national innovation system. Therefore, clarifying their position in the innovation chain and directing their movement path is very important in line with their mission orientation. However, the available evidence indicates that the expected functions of these institutions have not been effectively realized;

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Government research institutes
  • Research centers
  • National innovation system
  • mission
  • Typology of research institutions
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