الگوی حکمرانی نظام علوم، تحقیقات و فناوری از منظر سیاست‌‌های عرضه و تقاضا؛ با هدف رفع همپوشانی‌‌های قانونی و عملکردی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 عضو هیات علمی گروه سیاست فناوری و نوآوری مرکز تحقیقات سیاست علمی کشور

2 عضو هیات علمی گروه تامین مالی و اقتصاد علم، فناوری و نوآوری، مرکز تحقیقات سیاست علمی کشور

10.22034/jstp.2021.14.2.1334

چکیده

این مطالعه با هدف شناخت همپوشانی‌‌های قانونی و عملکردی نهادهای اصلی در سطح حکمرانی نظام علوم، تحقیقات و فناوری (شورای عالی عتف، وزارت عتف، معاونت علمی و فناوری ریاست‌‌جمهوری) انجام شده است. روش تحقیق، مطالعه کتابخانه‌‌ای اسناد و گزارش‌‌های موجود و تحلیل محتوای آنها بر اساس مدل عرضه و تقاضای فناوری، به منظور احصای همپوشانی‌‌های قانونی و عملکردی حول 10 مقوله اصلی است. قلمروی زمانی تحقیق سال 1383-1398 برای بررسی قوانین و گزارش‏های عملکردی نهادهای مطالعه‌‌شده بوده است. به منظور پیشنهاد چارچوب کلی تقسیم کار بین نهادهای مزبور نیز از روش گروه کانونی استفاده شده است. نتایج نشان می‌‌دهند در مقوله حمایت مالی و کمک بلاعوض علیرغم اینکه وظایف و اختیارات قانونی برای شورای عالی عتف پیش‌‌بینی شده، اما به لحاظ عملکردی، عمده فعالیت‌‌ها توسط معاونت علمی و فناوری انجام می‌‌گیرد. در زمینه حمایت از نیروی انسانی، پژوهش‏های مشترک و شبکه‌‌سازی که معطوف به تحریک سمت عرضه فناوری است، همپوشانی کمتری بین وظایف و عملکرد نهادهای مورد بررسی دیده می‌‌شود و عمده وظایف قانونی و خروجی عملکردی ذیل شورای عالی عتف و وزارت عتف است. همچنین تمرکز معاونت علمی بر سیاست‌‌های تحریک تقاضا مشهود است. در زمینه قانون­گذاری و استانداردسازی عمده وظایف قانونی ذیل شورای عتف قرار دارد. سیاست‏های سیستمی نیز در عملکرد معاونت علمی به صورت پررنگ‌‌تری قابل مشاهده است. بر اساس یافته‌‌های تحقیق، بازنگری وظایف و اختیارات قانونی شورای عالی عتف در ارتباط با سیاست‌‌های حمایت مالی، حفظ تمرکز وزارت عتف بر سیاست‌‌های حمایت از نیروی انسانی، حمایت از پژوهش‏های مشترک و حمایت از شبکه‌‌سازی، حفظ تمرکز سیاست‌‌های تحریک تقاضا و سیاست‌‌های سیستمی در مجموعه وظایف و اختیارات قانونی معاونت علمی و تداوم تمرکز شورای عالی عتف بر سیاستگذاری، قانون­گذاری و هماهنگی پیشنهاد می‌‌شود.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

A Framework for Governing the STI System from the Perspective of Supply and Demand Policies; with the Aim of Legal and Functional Overlaps Elimination

نویسندگان [English]

  • sahar kousari 1
  • Parisa Alizadeh 2
1 Faculty member of technology and innovation policy department, National Research Institute for Science Policy (NRISP)
2 Faculty member of National Research Institute for Science Policy
چکیده [English]

The purpose of this study is to shed light on the legal and functional overlaps exist among the main actors at the governance level of Iran's science, research, and technology system (i.e. supreme council of science, research, and technology (SCSRT), ministry of science, research, and technology (MSRT), vice president for science and technology (VPST). The research method is desk research of the existing documents and reports and analyzing their content based on the technology supply and demand model in order to find the above-mentioned overlaps regarding 10 categories. The time scope of the research is 2004-2019 for reviewing the legal documents and performance reports. The focus group method has been used to propose the division of authorities and duties among the actors.
The results demonstrate that regarding the category "financial support and grant", more legal duties have been defined for SCSRT; however, the performance of VPST is more significant. Regarding the other supply-side category, that is, "supporting human resources, joint research, and networking", less overlap exists among the actors. The most legal duties and functional outputs are related to SCSRT and MSRT. In the field of "legislation and standardization", the main legal duties are listed under the legal duties of the SCSRT. Systemic policies can be mainly seen in the performance of the VPST. Based on our findings, it is necessary to redefine the authorities and duties of the SCSRT concerning financial policies, to continue human resources policies, supporting joint research, and the network under MSRT. It is also recommended that VPST and SCSRT focus on "demand stimulation and systemic policies" and "legislation and coordination", respectively.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Science
  • Research
  • and Technology System
  • Governance
  • Technology Supply and Demand Model
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