بررسی مشکلات تامین سرمایه در فرآیند تجاری‌سازی محصولات دانش‌بنیان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

کارشناس ارشد مدیریت اجرایی، شهرک علمی و تحقیقاتی اصفهان

10.22034/jstp.2021.13876

چکیده

تجاری‌سازی محصولات دانش‌بنیان نقش بسیار مهمی در توسعه اقتصادی و پیشرفت جوامع امروزی ایفا می‌نماید. دینامیک این فرآیند بسیار پیچیده بوده و یکی از اصلی‌ترین مشکلات آن سازوکارهای تامین مالی و جذب سرمایه است. در این پژوهش بر اساس راهبرد عمق‌نگر و تحلیلی، با روش «مورد کاوی چندگانه» طولانی مدت با هدف بررسی مشکلات جذب سرمایه و تامین مالی در فرآیند تجاری‌سازی محصولات دانش‌بنیان در فضای کسب و کار کشور، سه محصول دانش‌بنیان موفق که هر کدام فرایند تجاری‌سازی را در شهرک علمی و تحقیقاتی اصفهان در طول سال‌های ۱۳۸۴ تا ۱۳۹۸ راهبردهای مالی متفاوتی طی کرده‌اند انتخاب شد. روش گردآوری داده‌ها به منظور افزایش ارزش حقیقی پژوهش بر مبنای کثرت‌گرایی بوده و برای تحلیل داده‌ها پس از اشباع نظری، جهت همگن سازی و مقایسه‌های نظام‌مند، از ترکیب مدل‌های تجاری‌سازی گلداسمیت و سرکین استفاده شد. نتایج این پژوهش نقش حمایت‌های هوشمندانه مالی در مراحل مختلف رشد شرکت‌های دانش‌بنیان نظیر حمایت‌های تشویقی، تسهیلات بدون بهره‌ی بلندمدت، جایگزینی نظام اعتبارسنجی به‌جای اخذ وثیقه و مشوق‌های مالیاتی را به خوبی نشان داد. در هر سه موردکاوی اثرات مخرب سیاستگذاری‌های نامناسب تامین مالی نظیر وام‌های بانکی، تسهیلات کوتاه‌مدت، ضعف سرمایه‌گذاری‌های ریسک‌پذیر در کشور، عدم حمایت کافی از سرمایه‌گذاران بخش خصوصی، انتظار زودبازده بودن از محصولات دانش‌بنیان و به ویژه عدم تناسب سیاست‌های حمایتی با دوره رشد شرکت‌های دانش‌بنیان تشریح گردید. در انتها ماحصل پژوهش به‌صورت یک الگوی کلی شامل راهبرد‌های مالی مفید و مضر در مراحل مختلف فرآیند تجاری‌سازی محصولات دانش‌بنیان ارائه گردیده است.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation of financial problems in the process of commercializing knowledge-based products

نویسنده [English]

  • Hussein Fakhari
Master of Business Administration (MBA), Isfahan Science and Technology Town, Iran
چکیده [English]

Conversion of research into new and innovative products plays a very important role in economic development and progress of countries. This process is very complicated. One of the main problems is the mechanisms of financing. This practical research was conducted by long-term "multiple case study". The purpose of this article is to investigate the financial problems in the process of commercialization of knowledge-based products in the Iranian business environment. For this purpose, three suitable knowledge-based products were selected in Isfahan Scientific and Technology Town during the years 2004 to 2019. The data collection method was based on pluralism and a combination of Goldsmith and Serkin commercialization models was used to analyze the data after theoretical saturation. The results were modified and confirmed in the focus group. Results of this study showed the role of intelligent financial support in different growth stages of knowledge-based companies. In all three cases, the destructive effects of inappropriate financing policies such as bank loans, short-term facilities, insufficient support for private sector investors and the incompatibility of supportive policies with the growth period of knowledge-based companies were explained. The research result was presented as a general model, includes useful and harmful financial strategies in different stages of commercialization of knowledge-based products.
 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Commercialization
  • Knowledge Based Product
  • financial problems
  • Support Attraction
  • Case Study
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