Different models have been proposed by scholars and practitioners for the formulation (or formation) of a technology strategy at the level of firm. But, companies may find it difficult to select and exploit the appropriate one which fits their context (internal and external ) contexts. This paper reviews the most familiar models and frameworks for a technology strategy elaboratied by Porter, McKinsey, Little, Ford and Saren, Chiesa, Burgelman et al. and Hax and Majluf; their characteristics, limits and applicability are discussed in order to facilitate this choice. These models are evaluated using a process-based approach and according to De Wit and Meyer’s point of view, on the basis of the process of strategy formulation or formation they propose and their expected outputs. Finally, a taxonomy of reviewed models is presented according to the school of thought they follow (positioning vs. resource-based and rational vs. incremental) as well as their understanding of the technology strategy concept.
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