The Effective Factors on Future of Management of Science and Technology in Iran 1404

Abstract The Twenty Year Vision Document is valuable step in directing the countries activities to attain development. One of the important high lights of the Document is paying particular attention to science and technology in 1404. To achieve the goals of the document an integrated overall management is needed for science and technology and identifying most important factors and designing proper plans are needed. Since the Document has future looking nature, it is necessary to use related future and foresight methods to monitor the proper directing of policies and quality of the plans. In the present work, which is a step in this regard, after an extensive literature survey and compiling experts opinion, important factors affecting the future of science and technology were identified, prioritized, and the probability of them being challenged in the time frame of the Document i.e. 1404 is evaluated by comparing the opinions of scientists and policy makers active in field of science and technology. The outcomes show that the forecast by each group is under the influence of their field of expertise. The results not only present the convergent points of views, but also explain the underlying reasons for differing views, which can be used to correct the policies and plans. In overall policy makers show more optimism that the specialists. Keywords: Futures Studies, Science and Technology Management, Policy Making, Twenty Year Vision Document (1404)