تحلیل عوامل مؤثر بر انتشار فناوری کدهای دستوری تلفن ‌همراه در ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، پژوهشکده مطالعات بنیادین علم و فناوری، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.

2 کارشناس ارشد مدیریت تکنولوژی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

هر فناوری مسیر خاصی در فرآیند پذیرش و انتشار طی می‌‌کند. ظهور و بروز عوامل بازدارنده و یا تسهیل‌کننده در بستر فنی-اجتماعی فناوری، تعیین‌کننده مسیر و سرعت انتشار فناوری است. در این راستا هدف از این پژوهش، تحلیل منحنی انتشار فناوری کدهای دستوری تلفن همراه (USSD) در ایران است. قلمرو موضوعی و زمانی این تحقیق شامل مشترکین تلفن همراه بر بستر فناوری USSD از سال 1389 تا 1398 می‌باشد. این مقاله با استفاده از چارچوب انتشار فناوری راجرز و داده‌های تاریخی مشترکین فناوری USSD در اپراتور همراه اول، منحنی‌های انتشار کاربردهای مختلف این فناوری را ترسیم و تحلیل می‌نماید. برای فهم و توضیح نمودارها و عوامل مؤثر بر انتشار در زمینه ایران، با 14 خبره و مطلع این حوزه در نهادهای تنظیم‌گر، سیاست‌گذار و اپراتور تلفن همراه مصاحبه‌ نیمه ساختاریافته صورت گرفت. بر اساس یافته‌های این پژوهش، USSD در خدمات اپراتوری و خدمات بانکی بیشترین کاربرد را داشته و در سایر حوزه‌ها کاربرد آن محدود بوده است. یافته‌‌ها همچنین نشان می‌دهد مزیت نسبی،پیچیدگی و آزمون‌‌پذیری بیشترین تأثیر را در تقویت انتشار USSD دارند و عوامل قیمت، مقررات و تعامل بازیگران، بیشترین تأثیر را بر محدود شدن انتشار این فناوری داشته‌اند. یافته‌های این مقاله دلالت‌های سیاستی و مدیریتی برای تنظیم‌گری و فعالیت‌های کسب‌وکاری در حوزه فناوری‌های مالی و خصوصاً USSD ارائه نموده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating Diffusion of USSD Technology in Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Kiarash Fartash 1
  • Tooba Baramaki 2
  • Mohammad sadegh khayyatian 1
  • Nima Rahimi salekdeh 2
1 Faculty Member, Institute for Science and Technology Studies, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
2 Master Student of Technology Management, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

A given technology goes through a unique path in the process of its diffusion. Factors residing in a socio-technical environment either inhibit or strengthen the path and speed of technology diffusion. In this regard, the aim of this research analyzes the diffusion curve of unstructured supplementary service data (USSD) technology in Iran. The scope of this paper includes mobile phone subscribers who have adopted USSD technology from 2010 to 2019. By adopting Roger’s technology diffusion framework, this article depicts and analyzes the diffusion curves of different applications of USSD technology through the historical data of USSD technology subscribers in the Hamrahe Avval operator in Iran. To better understand and explain the diffusion and the influential factors in the diffusion in the context of Iran, 14 semi-structured interviews were conducted with USSD experts affiliated to the regulatory bodies, policymakers, and mobile phone operators. Our findings reveal that USSD was mostly used in the operator and banking services while its adoption in other survives was been limited. We also found that relative advantage, complexity and Trialability have the highest strengthening effect on the diffusion of USSD; in the same vein price, regulations, and the interaction of actors are the key barriers to the diffusion of USSD in Iran. The findings of this paper provide policy and management implications for regulation and business activities of financial technologies and in particular USSD. To this end, the significant influence of regulation needs to be taken into account which could be a barrier to financial technologies diffusion as the case of USSD in Iran indicates.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Unstructured Supplementary Service Data
  • Financial Technology
  • Technology Diffusion
  • Technology Acceptance
  • USSD

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