نظام نوآوری بخشی یک صنعت تولیدکننده محصولات و سامانه‌های پیچیده: توربین‌های گازی

نویسندگان

1 دکترای مدیریت فناوری، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران

2 استاد دانشکده مدیریت و حسابداری، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران

3 استاد دانشکده مدیریت و فناوری‌های نرم، دانشگاه صنعتی مالک‌اشتر، تهران

4 عضو هیئت علمی دانشکده مدیریت و حسابداری، دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی

چکیده

دیدگاه نظام‌های نوآوری بخشی، چارچوب مناسبی را برای تحلیل شکل‌گیری و تکامل صنایع مختلف ارائه می‌دهد. با وجود تفاوت‌ها و تمایزهای متعدد میان صنایع تولیدکننده محصولات مصرفی با نظام تولید انبوه و صنایع تولیدکننده محصولات و سامانه‌های پیچیده، تاکنون عمده پژوهش‌های انجام‌شده در زمینه نظام‌های نوآوری بخشی بر مطالعه صنایع تولیدکننده محصولات مصرفی با نظام تولید انبوه تمرکز کرده‌اند و پژوهش‌های اندکی یافت می‌شود که به مطالعه صنایع تولیدکننده کالاهای سرمایه‌ای و محصولات و سامانه‌های پیچیده پرداخته باشند. این مقاله قصد دارد با بکارگیری رویکردی کیفی و مطالعه موردی به مطالعه نظام نوآوری بخشی صنعت توربین‌های گازی در ایران به عنوان یک صنعت تولیدکننده محصولات و سامانه‌های پیچیده و نیز به معرفی بازیگران و کنشگران اصلی، توصیف مسیر شکل‌گیری و انباشت دانش و فناوری، شناسایی سیاست‌ها و نهادهای تأثیرگذار و تشریح شرایط بازار و تقاضا در این صنعت بپردازد. یافته‌های این پژوهش دربرگیرنده این موارد است: 1) مسیر شکل‌گیری و انباشت دانش و فناوری ساخت توربین‌های گازی، مشتمل بر قابلیت‌های فناورانه و راهبردهای کسب فناوری در بنگاه‌های سازنده توربین‌های گازی؛ 2) تنوع و پویایی سیاست‌های تأثیرگذار دولت بر شکل‌گیری و تکامل این بخش، مشتمل بر سیاست‌های راهبری، سرمایه‌گذاری، خرید و تسهیل‌گری؛ 3) ساختار انحصاری و سیاسی بازار صنعت توربین‌های گازی در ایران، مشتمل بر عرضه‌کنندگان و مشتریان (دولت) محدود و تقاضای بالا و روزافزون داخلی برای توربین‌های گازی با کاربردهای مختلف؛ 4) بررسی اثر تحریم‌های بین‌المللی بر فعالیت‌ها و اقدامات شرکت‌های ایرانی سازنده توربین‌های گازی. کلیدواژه‌ها: نظام نوآوری بخشی، محصولات و سامانه‌های پیچیده، صنعت توربین‌های گازی برای استنادات بعدی به این مقاله، قالب زیر به نویسندگان محترم مقالات پیشنهاد می‌شود: Safdari Ranjbar, M., Rahmanseresht, H., Manteghi, M., & Ghazinoori, S. (2017). Sectoral Innovation System of a Complex Product System Industry: Gas Turbine. Journal of Science & Technology Policy, 9(4), 55-70. {In Persian}.  

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Sectoral Innovation System of a Complex Product System Industry: Gas Turbine

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mostafa Safdari Ranjbar 1
  • Hossein Rahmanseresht 2
  • Manochehr Manteghi 3
  • Seyed Soroush Ghazinoori 4
1 - Ph.D in Technology Management, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tehran, Iran
2 Professor, Department of Management and Accounting, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tehran, Iran
3 Professor, Department of Management and Soft Technologies, Maleke Ashtar University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
4 Allame Tabatabaei University
چکیده [English]

Sectoral innovation systems perspective presents a proper framework to analyze formation and evolution of different industries. Despite various differences and distinctions, so far majority of studies in this field, have been focused on mass-produced consuming goods industries, and it is difficult to find studies that have examined capital goods and complex product systems industries. So, this research aims at introducing key players and actors, describing the path of formation and evolution of knowledge and technology, identifying influential policies and institutions, and explaining market structure and demand condition of Iran’s gas turbine industry as a complex product systems industry, through employing qualitative approach and case study strategy. This research findings include: 1) The path of formation and accumulation of knowledge and technology of manufacturing gas turbine in Iran including technological capabilities and technology acquisition strategies; 2) Diversity and dynamics of influential government policies on the formation and evolution of this sector including leading, investment, procurement and facilitation policies; 3) Duopolistic and politicized market structure in Iran’s gas turbine industry including limited number of suppliers and customers (government) and high and growing domestic demand for different types of gas turbines; 4) Examining the impact of international sanctions on iranian gas turbine producers.

Keywords: Sectoral Innovation System, Complex product Systems, Gas Turbine Industry

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Sectoral innovation system
  • Complex Product Systems
  • Gas Turbine Industry

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سیاست علم و فناوری
دوره 10، شماره 4
دی 1396
صفحه 55-70

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