Iranian Association for Management of Technology Journal of Science and Technology Policy 20080840 12 3 2019 09 23 Methodical Content Analysis of Articles of Journal of Science & Technology Policy: 2008 to 2017 Methodical Content Analysis of Articles of Journal of Science & Technology Policy: 2008 to 2017 1 14 13732 10.22034/jstp.2019.11.3.2009 FA Mohammad Yamani Douzi Sorkhabi Professor, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran Ahmad Mahjoubian Ph.D. Candidate, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran Fatemeh Nasrollahinia Ph.D. Candidate, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran Hossein Nasiri Ph.D. Candidate, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran Journal Article 2019 09 03 The purpose of this study is to analyze the content of the articles of "Journal of Science and Technology Policy" during the years 2008-2017. For this purpose, all articles published in this magazine have been evaluated quantitatively and qualitatively over the course of 10 years (231 articles) and their content has been reviewed in terms of their status and achievements in the course of the country's science and technology policy. The method of this research is synchronous and synchronous. To collect data from the checklist and to analyze the data, Excel software and descriptive statistics were used. The main issue of the research was that the role of the articles of the "Quarterly Journal of Science and Technology Policy" during the years 2008-2017 in helping the knowledge of science and technology policy policy? The research findings are summarized in 15 axes. From the author's point of view, the main focus is to examine the content of the published articles of the magazine in the last 10 years, from the perspective of the policy cycle. The result of this study shows that more than half of the articles (55%) have somehow tried to provide a part of a new theory, but lack of critical conditions such as critical articles and reciprocal discussions, use of the results of previous research and completion They have prevented the formation of comprehensive theories in the field of science and technology. The purpose of this study is to analyze the content of the articles of "Journal of Science and Technology Policy" during the years 2008-2017. For this purpose, all articles published in this magazine have been evaluated quantitatively and qualitatively over the course of 10 years (231 articles) and their content has been reviewed in terms of their status and achievements in the course of the country's science and technology policy. The method of this research is synchronous and synchronous. To collect data from the checklist and to analyze the data, Excel software and descriptive statistics were used. The main issue of the research was that the role of the articles of the "Quarterly Journal of Science and Technology Policy" during the years 2008-2017 in helping the knowledge of science and technology policy policy? The research findings are summarized in 15 axes. From the author's point of view, the main focus is to examine the content of the published articles of the magazine in the last 10 years, from the perspective of the policy cycle. The result of this study shows that more than half of the articles (55%) have somehow tried to provide a part of a new theory, but lack of critical conditions such as critical articles and reciprocal discussions, use of the results of previous research and completion They have prevented the formation of comprehensive theories in the field of science and technology.

https://jstp.nrisp.ac.ir/article_13732_f29f8d3ef3fea0f34e30de2a0275d645.pdf

Iranian Association for Management of Technology Journal of Science and Technology Policy 20080840 12 3 2019 09 23 Challenges of Asymmetric Technological Collaboration between Large Companies and Nanotechnology Startups Challenges of Asymmetric Technological Collaboration between Large Companies and Nanotechnology Startups 15 30 13733 10.22034/jstp.2019.11.3.2069 FA Reza Asadifard Assistant Professor, Technology Studies Institute, Tehran, Iran Arman Khaledi Researcher, Technology Studies Institute, Tehran, Iran Journal Article 2019 09 03 Significant changes in the business environment have led many large companies to tend to asymmetric technological collaboration with startups. Despite several benefits of these collaborations for both sides, they may face many challenges in their Partnership. These challenges have rarely been uncovered in the previous studies particularly in the context of developing countries. We utilized a mixed research method to explore collaboration challenges in Iran. Firstly, we prepared a list of main collaboration challenges through investigating the literature and in depth Interviews with key informants. Secondly, we conducted a survey using a questionnaire and received 52 responds from related people to asymmetric collaboration projects. The results showed that actors involved in the collaboration process disagree on 11 challenges. We also found that contraty on the literature “misusing the large company's brand” is not a challenging issue for the collaboration in nano sector of Iran. In addition, some new challenges were identified for asymmetric collaboration that was not mentioned in literature, including; weak collaboration culture, and lack of matchmaking infrasctures. Significant changes in the business environment have led many large companies to tend to asymmetric technological collaboration with startups. Despite several benefits of these collaborations for both sides, they may face many challenges in their Partnership. These challenges have rarely been uncovered in the previous studies particularly in the context of developing countries. We utilized a mixed research method to explore collaboration challenges in Iran. Firstly, we prepared a list of main collaboration challenges through investigating the literature and in depth Interviews with key informants. Secondly, we conducted a survey using a questionnaire and received 52 responds from related people to asymmetric collaboration projects. The results showed that actors involved in the collaboration process disagree on 11 challenges. We also found that contraty on the literature “misusing the large company's brand” is not a challenging issue for the collaboration in nano sector of Iran. In addition, some new challenges were identified for asymmetric collaboration that was not mentioned in literature, including; weak collaboration culture, and lack of matchmaking infrasctures.

https://jstp.nrisp.ac.ir/article_13733_f4f076fab96ef5a7eb9d7e114c4c211d.pdf

Iranian Association for Management of Technology Journal of Science and Technology Policy 20080840 12 3 2019 09 23 The Relationship between Pattern of Innovation Collaboration Governance with Its Efficiency The Relationship between Pattern of Innovation Collaboration Governance with Its Efficiency 31 46 13734 10.22034/jstp.2019.11.3.2106 FA Saeid Hosein Rafiei Ph.D. Candidate at Allame University Seyyed HabibolAllah Tabatabaeian Faculty Member, Allameh Tabatabaei University, Tehran, Iran Manouchehr Manteghi Faculty Member, Malek Ashtar, Tehran, Iran Journal Article 2019 09 03 Rapid technological changes and economic competition causes companies inability to prepare resources needed to respond these conditions, and to pursue growth and development in partnership with other companies. But international statistics shows about 80% failure rate for innovation collaboration. One of the key factors in reducing efficiency is the way that collaborations are governed. In this research, by studying four cases including Nano Fiber Filter, Anticancer Drug, Equipment Exhibition Program, and National Gas Turbine, the relationship between the governance pattern of innovation collaboration and collaboration efficiency have been investigated. According to the results, based on an appropriate approach for analysis, there is a direct relationship between collaboration governance pattern and efficiency. Rapid technological changes and economic competition causes companies inability to prepare resources needed to respond these conditions, and to pursue growth and development in partnership with other companies. But international statistics shows about 80% failure rate for innovation collaboration. One of the key factors in reducing efficiency is the way that collaborations are governed. In this research, by studying four cases including Nano Fiber Filter, Anticancer Drug, Equipment Exhibition Program, and National Gas Turbine, the relationship between the governance pattern of innovation collaboration and collaboration efficiency have been investigated. According to the results, based on an appropriate approach for analysis, there is a direct relationship between collaboration governance pattern and efficiency.

https://jstp.nrisp.ac.ir/article_13734_a7cbee0a129e735c351bb5462e888279.pdf

Iranian Association for Management of Technology Journal of Science and Technology Policy 20080840 12 3 2019 09 23 A Critical Reading of the Conflict between Precautionary and Proactionary Principles in Technology Policy A Critical Reading of the Conflict between Precautionary and Proactionary Principles in Technology Policy 47 62 13735 10.22034/jstp.2019.11.3.1014 FA Seyed Morteza Hashemi Researcher,Supreme National Defense University, Tehran, Iran Hanif Kazerooni Faculty Member, Supreme National Defense University, Tehran, Iran Journal Article 2019 09 03 In the recent years, a revolution in culture and technology policy has been taking place in the industrial countries, which is known as the proactionary turn. From policy making standpoint, proactionary school is the opposite of precautionary approach. Both of these schools are focusing on risk as their central concept. While precautionary approach emphasizes on risk-control as well as risk-avoidance, proactionary standpoint is created around the idea of the significance of risk-taking for making technological progress. This article examines the presumptions of these two approaches in policy in their historical and legal contexts. The article also tries to introduce the two mentioned approaches to Iranian scholars and decision makers. The critical examination of Precautionary and Proactionary approaches will constitute a proposal for a national tech/culture policy document which works as a foundation and framework of decision-making about the emerging technologies. This theoretical research will use library research as a data gathering method. In the recent years, a revolution in culture and technology policy has been taking place in the industrial countries, which is known as the proactionary turn. From policy making standpoint, proactionary school is the opposite of precautionary approach. Both of these schools are focusing on risk as their central concept. While precautionary approach emphasizes on risk-control as well as risk-avoidance, proactionary standpoint is created around the idea of the significance of risk-taking for making technological progress. This article examines the presumptions of these two approaches in policy in their historical and legal contexts. The article also tries to introduce the two mentioned approaches to Iranian scholars and decision makers. The critical examination of Precautionary and Proactionary approaches will constitute a proposal for a national tech/culture policy document which works as a foundation and framework of decision-making about the emerging technologies. This theoretical research will use library research as a data gathering method.

https://jstp.nrisp.ac.ir/article_13735_1268e88e63b436c13fb9b4fbb0569e92.pdf

Iranian Association for Management of Technology Journal of Science and Technology Policy 20080840 12 3 2019 09 23 Identifying The Methods for Manager’s learning in NTBFs: a Qualitative Approach Identifying The Methods for Manager’s learning in NTBFs: a Qualitative Approach 63 76 13736 10.22034/jstp.2019.11.3.1026 FA Zohre Zeynoddini Bidmeshki Doctoral Student of Educational Management, Educational Science and Phycology Faculty of Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran Mahmood Abolghasemi Associate Professor of Educational Science and Psychology Faculty of Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran Morteza Rezaizade Associate Professor of Educational Science and Psychology Faculty of Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran Abasalt Khorasani - Associate Professor of Educational Science and Psychology Faculty of Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran Journal Article 2019 09 03 The importance of managers learning in different organizations is clarified to everybody, but in Technology based firms (NTBF) because of their inexperience of managers and the complex nature of these companies, manager learning is more important. Actually, manager`s learning plays an important role in innovating these companies and overcoming the challenges of the changing and complex environment around them. However, the methods of learning in this managers have not been well studied. So, the aim of this study was to identifying the methods for manager`s learning in this firms. In order to attain this aim, the research data collected regarding to Interpretivism paradigm and qualitative approach. 19 managers and experts of new technology-based firms were interviewed with semi-structured interview questions. The data collecting in this way, coded and analyzed with thematic analysis method in three stages. For analyzing of this data, qualitative analysis software Maxqda used. Based on the extracted findings of this research, 30 incidental themes or methods identified which categorized in five main methods consist, “learning from experience”, “self-directed learning”, “learning from stakeholders”, “explicit learning methods”, “benefiting of mentoring capacity in learning”. It can be said that the five identified methods of manager`s learning in NTBFs can be used both individually by the managers themselves and by the stakeholders of the NTBF`s domain and can be used for development of this managers and subsequently the success of NTBFs. The importance of managers learning in different organizations is clarified to everybody, but in Technology based firms (NTBF) because of their inexperience of managers and the complex nature of these companies, manager learning is more important. Actually, manager`s learning plays an important role in innovating these companies and overcoming the challenges of the changing and complex environment around them. However, the methods of learning in this managers have not been well studied. So, the aim of this study was to identifying the methods for manager`s learning in this firms. In order to attain this aim, the research data collected regarding to Interpretivism paradigm and qualitative approach. 19 managers and experts of new technology-based firms were interviewed with semi-structured interview questions. The data collecting in this way, coded and analyzed with thematic analysis method in three stages. For analyzing of this data, qualitative analysis software Maxqda used. Based on the extracted findings of this research, 30 incidental themes or methods identified which categorized in five main methods consist, “learning from experience”, “self-directed learning”, “learning from stakeholders”, “explicit learning methods”, “benefiting of mentoring capacity in learning”. It can be said that the five identified methods of manager`s learning in NTBFs can be used both individually by the managers themselves and by the stakeholders of the NTBF`s domain and can be used for development of this managers and subsequently the success of NTBFs.

https://jstp.nrisp.ac.ir/article_13736_855ed2a8773cda8604fcf9c48f1d3c16.pdf

Iranian Association for Management of Technology Journal of Science and Technology Policy 20080840 12 3 2019 09 23 The Role of Tender Act as Public Procurement for Innovation in Iran The Role of Tender Act as Public Procurement for Innovation in Iran 77 90 13737 10.22034/jstp.2019.11.3.1018 FA Meysam Narimani Assistant Professor, Technology Studies Inistitute (TSI), Tehran, Iran Mohammadhossein Peyrovi Ph.D. Student of International Economics, University of Semnan, Semnan, Iran Mostafa Shalbafi MSc of Metallurgical and Material Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Journal Article 2019 09 03 Since the post-World War II era, the use of public procurement as a tool to stimulate technology and innovation has been increasingly targeted by policy makers. In addition to stimulating technology or research and development, one of the most important approaches in innovative public procurement is to apply policies to stimulate generic technology and innovation in public procurement. The present article focuses on the case study in Iran on the latter topic. On this basis, all dimensions and opportunities of the Tender Act approved in 2004, with the aim of promoting a innovation-oriented public procurement in Iran has been considered. in the first step, Due to the relationship of the laws to each other, the system of laws and regulations related to the holding of tenders in the country has been identified and the challenges of Iranian technology knowledge-based and innovatiove companies to increase market share in the market has been identified. Following the qualitative research approach, the interview guidelines were formulated and after semi-structured interviews were done, then data content analysis was so. In the end, As a result of the research, the proposed policies were developed at three levels, including reforming the legal framework, reforming and reinforcing support systems and developmental plans. Since the post-World War II era, the use of public procurement as a tool to stimulate technology and innovation has been increasingly targeted by policy makers. In addition to stimulating technology or research and development, one of the most important approaches in innovative public procurement is to apply policies to stimulate generic technology and innovation in public procurement. The present article focuses on the case study in Iran on the latter topic. On this basis, all dimensions and opportunities of the Tender Act approved in 2004, with the aim of promoting a innovation-oriented public procurement in Iran has been considered. in the first step, Due to the relationship of the laws to each other, the system of laws and regulations related to the holding of tenders in the country has been identified and the challenges of Iranian technology knowledge-based and innovatiove companies to increase market share in the market has been identified. Following the qualitative research approach, the interview guidelines were formulated and after semi-structured interviews were done, then data content analysis was so. In the end, As a result of the research, the proposed policies were developed at three levels, including reforming the legal framework, reforming and reinforcing support systems and developmental plans.

https://jstp.nrisp.ac.ir/article_13737_f6f6b4786e6a1a8252ac7885b040b6f1.pdf