الگوی خریدار-تأمین کننده در تدارکات عمومی حامی نوآوری؛ تجربه تأمین 10 قلم کالای اساسی صنعت نفت

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

استادیار پژوهشکده مطالعات فناوری

10.22034/jstp.2021.13890

چکیده

یکی از رویکردهای مهم در سیاست تدارکات عمومی حامی نوآوری، رویکرد خریدار-تأمین‌کننده است که بر تعاملات میان عرضه و تقاضا و بسترهای ارتباطی مرتبط با آن تمرکز دارد. مسأله تحقیق این است که چگونه می‌توان با این چارچوب نظری، الگوی تدارکات عمومی حامی نوآوری در تجهیزات صنعت ایران را طراحی نمود؟ برای پاسخ‌‌گویی به این سوال، از روش تحقیق مطالعه موردی کیفی  در خصوص تجربه تأمین 10 قلم کالای اساسی صنعت نفت ایران و تحلیل مقوله­محور داده‌های کیفی استفاده شده‌است. روش جمع‌‌آوری داده‌‌ها در گام اول، مستندات و گزارش‌‌های سیاستی مرتبط با پروژه ده قلم کالای اساسی و در گام دوم مصاحبه‌‌های هدفمند و انجام مصاحبه‌‌ها به‌‌صورت نیمه‌ساختاریافته است. الگوی سیاستی ارائه‌شده در این مقاله برای تدارکات عمومی حامی نوآوری تجهیزات صنعت نفت ایران با رویکرد خریدار-تأمین‌کننده در چهار بخش اهداف و دستور کار سیاست، ساماندهی سمت تقاضا، نظام ارزیابی تأمین‌کنندگان و ارتباط نهادی عرضه و تقاضا تدوین شده است. در این الگو، اولویت توسعه فناوری بر تأمین، نظام خرید مبتنی بر استانداردگذاری و فهرست تاییدشده، الگوی ارزیابی فناورانه و نیز تأمین مالی مجزا و اصلاح قوانین مربوط به مناقصات و خرید دولتی مورد توجه قرار گرفته است.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Buyer-Supplier Patern of Public Procurement for Innovation; The Experience of Supplying 10 Basic Equipment in Oil Industry

نویسنده [English]

  • Meysam Narimani
Assistant professor, Technoligy Studies Institute, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

One of the important approaches in public procurement for innovation policy is the provider-supplier approach, and this study seeks to provide an appropriate policy framework for developing a Buyer vs. Supplier Perspective of Oil Industry Equipment Innovation model in Iran's oil industry through a case study of supplying 10 essential commodities in the oil industry. For this purpose, a qualitative case study has been used in the research method. Method of data collection in the first step, policy documents and reports related to the ten basic Equipment project and in the second step, purposeful interviews and interviews are semi-structured. The policy model presented in this paper for public procurement for innovation in Iranian oil industry equipment shows the supplier-buyer approach; The policy goal of the 10-item plan was to reduce imports and meet the basic needs of Iran's oil industry, especially in the face of sanctions, and the development of technology and stimulating the demand for innovation was a secondary goal. This issue has been reflected both in the selection of items and in the process of selecting the winners, and has changed the course of policy implementation from demand stimulation tools to in-house procurement policy. On the other hand, the dissolution of the centralized purchasing trustee and executor of the 10 items project, defects in the evaluation system, especially the subsequent evaluation of the approved roadmap, and finally problems in financing the project have disrupted the effective implementation of the policy.
 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Public Procurement for Innovation
  • Innovation Policy
  • Oil Equipment Industry
  • policy Tools
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