آیا ریسکهای شرکتهای دانش بنیان بیمه پذیرند؟

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

استادیار گروه مدیریت بازرگانی دانشکده مدیریت و حسابداری دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی

10.22034/jstp.2021.13878

چکیده

درکنار نقش مهم توسعه شرکت‌‌های دانش‌‌بنیان بر توسعه‌‌پایدار کشور، این کسب‌‌وکارها همواره درمعرض ریسک‌هایی قرارداشته‌‌اند که حیات و موفقیت این شرکت‌ها را تهدید می‌‌نموده است. به‌‌همین دلیل حمایت ازاین کسب‌‌وکارها، درایران نیز همچون سایر کشورها مدنظر سیاستگذاران وقانون‌‌گذاران بوده‌‌ و در قانون حمایت از این شرکت‌ها، صنعت‌‌بیمه به‌‌این حمایت مکلف شده‌‌است. هرچند که بر‌‌خلاف نص‌‌قانون باگذشت چندین سال از تصویب، اقدامی اجرایی و عملی در سمت صنعت بیمه برای این پوشش اتفاق نیافتاده است. دراین مقاله تلاش شده با این پیش‌فرض که علت عمده این عدم‌‌توفیق، عدم‌‌شناسایی صحیح و جامع از ریسک‌‌هاست، ریسک‌‌هایی که شرکت‌‌های دانش‌‌بنیان ایرانی با آن مواجه ‌اند شناسایی و تا حد ممکن در چارچوب ابزارهای بیمه‌‌ای رایج در کشور و جهان، راهکارهایی اجرایی برای مدیریت این ریسک‌‌ها ارائه گردد. پژوهش‌‌حاضر، ازحیث هدف کاربردی و ازحیث شیوه اجرا پیمایشی است. جامعه آماری تحقیق مدیران شرکت‌های دانش‌‌بنیان دارای مجوز و فعال بوده و از روش نمونه‌گیری طبقه‌ای با انتخاب اعضای طبقه‌ها به روش تصادفی استفاده شده است. طبقه‌‌ها حوزه‌‌های فعالیت شرکت‌ها در نظر گرفته شد. تجزیه‌‌وتحلیل این پژوهش بر اساس تعداد 175 مصاحبه از مدیران شرکت های دانش‌‌بنیان 25 استان در سال 1395 انجام پذیرفت. نتیجه حاصل از مصاحبه‌‌ها، شناسایی 23 ریسک بوده است. نتایج تحقیق نشان داد اگرچه عمده ریسک‌‌هایی که شرکت‌‌های دانش‌‌بنیان با آن مواجه اند (مانند ریسک‌‌بازار و‌‌ریسک‌‌قوانین‌‌ومقررات) بیمه‌‌پذیر نیستند، لیکن برای پوشش تعدادی از این ریسک‌ها میتوان از ظرفیت‌های صنعت‌‌بیمه استفاده نمود (مانند ریسک‌‌محصول‌‌و ریسک‌‌مسئولیت). به‌‌همین دلیل درمقاله ضمن تبیین ریسکهای شناسایی شده، درمواردی که راهکار بیمه‌‌ای برای هریک از این ریسک‌ها وجود داشت، مورد بحث قرارگرفت.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Are the risks of New Technology-Based Firms (NTBFs) insurable?

نویسنده [English]

  • Mohamad Saleh Torkestani
Assistant professor of Business management. Faculty of Management and Accounting Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

In addition to the important role of the development of NTBFs in the sustainable development of the country, these businesses have always been exposed to risks that threaten both the life and success of these companies. For this reason, the protection of these businesses has been considered by policymakers and legislators, and in the law to protect these companies, the insurance industry is obliged to support it. In this study, an attempt has been made with the assumption that the main reason for this failure is the lack of correct and comprehensive identification of risks, the risks faced by Iranian NTBFs, and to provide practical solutions to manage these risks. The present research is applied in terms of purpose and survey in terms of implementation method. The statistical population of the study is the managers of licensed and active companies and the stratified sampling method has been used by randomly selecting the members of the classes. Categories were considered the areas of activity of companies. The analysis of this study was based on 175 interviews with managers of NTBFs in 25 provinces in 2016. The result of the interviews was the identification of 23 risks. The results showed that although most of the risks faced by NTBFs are not insurable, to cover some of these risks, the capacities of the insurance industry can be used. For this reason, while explaining the identified risks, it was discussed in cases where there was an insurance solution for each of these risks.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Risk
  • Insurable risks
  • NTBFs
  • Knowledge-based economy
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