سیاست‌های تشویق نوآوری باز

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت فناوری، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران

2 استادیار مؤسسه مطالعات و پژوهش‌های بازرگانی، تهران

چکیده

تغییرات سریع فناورانه و نوآوری‌های فراوان، حاصل تغییر دیدگاه شرکت‌ها و دولت‌ها از فعالیت‌های منزوی و جزیره‌ای به سمت همکاری‌ها و فعالیت‌های جمعی است. این رویکرد در پیشینه موضوع تحت عنوان نوآوری باز شناخته شده و توجه محققان بسیاری را به خود جلب کرده است. به منظور شناسایی این مفهوم و آشنایی با چگونگی پشتیبانی سیاست‌ها از آن، در این مقاله ضمن بررسی مفهوم، سابقه و روش‌های نوآوری باز، به شیوه‌های سیاست‌گذاری و ابزارهای سیاستی ارتقاء آن پرداخته شده است. بر این اساس یک ماتریس 3×3 مشتمل بر دو بُعد برای نوآوری (درون‌سو، برون‌سو و دوسویه) و فرآیند دانش (خلق، انتشار و بهره‌برداری) ارائه و ابزارهای سیاستی تقویت هر یک از این ابعاد پیشنهاد شده‌اند. در پایان نیز شیوه همکاری فناورانه و نوآورانه در طول زنجیره ارزش داروهای زیستی در ایران، از طریق مطالعه موردی یک شرکت داروساز بررسی شده است.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Policies for Promoting Open Innovation

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hadi Siadati 1
  • Masoud Afshari Mofrad 2
1 Ph.D Candidate in Management of Technology, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Institute for Trade Studies and Research, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Rapid technological changes and profuse innovations are the result of moving from isolated efforts to collaboration for creation of new sources of value among firms and governments. Such approach toward innovation has been known as open innovation in the literature and many researchers have studied its different aspects. In order to introduce this concept and investigate how policies could support it, this study tries to present the concept, its history and modes and policy tools to promote it among firms. Based on the literature review, a 3×3 matrix with two dimensions including Innovation Direction (Inbound, Outbound, and Coupled) and Knowledge process (Creation, Diffusion and Exploitation) is proposed in order to categorize the policy tools. Finally, a case of open innovation affairs among Iranian biopharmaceutical firms is studied to recognize the gaps in public policies to boost open innovation in the industry.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Open Innovation
  • Policy Making
  • Policy Tools
  • Biopharmaceuticals
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