واکاوی نقش علوم بنیادی در پیشرفت همه‌جانبه کشورهای در حال توسعه

نویسنده

استادیار مرکز تحقیقات سیاست علمی کشور، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

در دنیای امروز که با سرعتی خیرهکننده در حال حرکت به سمت دانشبنیان شدن تقریبا همه فعالیتهای اقتصادی است درباره نقش فناوری و علوم کاربردی در فرآیند توسعه کشورها ابهام چندانی وجود ندارد علوم بنیادی و نقش این علوم در فرآیند توسعه اما به حد کافی مورد توجه و مطالعه قرار نگرفته و اجماع فراگیری در خصوص اهمیت این علوم برای توسعه وجود ندارد در این مقاله ضمن معرفی و نقد مواضعی که معمولا له یا علیه اهمیت علوم بنیادی برای کشورهای در حال توسعه مطرح میشوند به پرورش یک استدلال غیرخطی به نفع علوم بنیادی پرداخته شده است بنا به استدلالی از زاویه اقتصاد علوم بنیادی و تحقیقات مرتبط با این علوم نقشی مشابه زیرساختهای حملونقل در یک کشور را ایفا میکند که این نقش برای فعالیت اقتصادی بخش خصوصی و در نتیجه برای توسعه اقتصادی ضروری است همچنین نشان داده شده که بخشهای قابل توجهی از این زیرساخت دانشی از جنس قابلیتهای غیرقابل خرید و فروش بوده که میبایست صرفا به شکل بومی توسعه داده شوند این منظر اقتصادی سپس با نشان دادن کارویژههای علوم بنیادی در توسعه عقلانیت ساخت سرمایه اجتماعی و حرکت به سمت توسعه سیاسی و فرهنگی تکمیل شده است

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating the Role of Basic Sciences for Comprehensive Development of Developing Countries

نویسنده [English]

  • Arash Mousavi
National Research Institute for Science Policy
چکیده [English]

There is no doubt in today's world about the importance of technology and applied sciences for the process of economic development. Basic sciences and the role of these sciences in the process of development though have been not studied enough and there is no widespread consensus about the importance of these sciences for development. In this paper, we introduce and assess the arguments for and against the importance of these sciences for developing countries. We also provide a non-linear argument in favor of basic sciences. From an economic point of view, we argue that basic sciences and the researches related to them play a role like national transportation sub-structures which are necessary for the performance of private sector and hence, for economic development. We show that notable parts of this knowledge sub-structure are in the form of non-tradable capabilities. These capabilities, therefore, should be developed through indigenous ways. In the end, we add to this economic approach a discussion about functions of basic sciences for development of rationality, formation of social capital, and political and cultural development.
 
 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Basic Sciences
  • Economic Development
  • Economics of Science
  • Political Development
  • Rationality
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