قاضی نوری, سید سروش, بامدادصوفی, جهانیار, ردایی, نیلوفر. (1396). چارچوب انتخاب ابزارهای تأمین مالی بر اساس خوشه‌بندی شرکت‌های دانش‌بنیان. سیاست علم و فناوری, 9(2 (تابستان 96)), 13-30.
سید سروش قاضی نوری; جهانیار بامدادصوفی; نیلوفر ردایی. "چارچوب انتخاب ابزارهای تأمین مالی بر اساس خوشه‌بندی شرکت‌های دانش‌بنیان". سیاست علم و فناوری, 9, 2 (تابستان 96), 1396, 13-30.
قاضی نوری, سید سروش, بامدادصوفی, جهانیار, ردایی, نیلوفر. (1396). 'چارچوب انتخاب ابزارهای تأمین مالی بر اساس خوشه‌بندی شرکت‌های دانش‌بنیان', سیاست علم و فناوری, 9(2 (تابستان 96)), pp. 13-30.
قاضی نوری, سید سروش, بامدادصوفی, جهانیار, ردایی, نیلوفر. چارچوب انتخاب ابزارهای تأمین مالی بر اساس خوشه‌بندی شرکت‌های دانش‌بنیان. سیاست علم و فناوری, 1396; 9(2 (تابستان 96)): 13-30.
چارچوب انتخاب ابزارهای تأمین مالی بر اساس خوشه‌بندی شرکت‌های دانش‌بنیان
1استادیار دانشکده مدیریت و حسابداری، دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی
2--
چکیده
شرکت‌های دانش‌بنیان نقش بزرگی در رقابت‌پذیری کشورها داشته و مورد توجه سیاست‌گذاران قرار گرفته‌اند. یکی از مهم‌ترین چالش‌های بقاء و رشد این شرکت‌ها تأمین مالی مناسب است. ابزارهای تأمین مالی مختلفی برای آنها معرفی و مطالعات زیادی هم بر روی این ابزارها انجام گرفته اما با این حال تمرکز اکثر این مطالعات بر چرخه عمر بنگاه بوده است. این در حالی است که با توجه به تفاوت ابزارها از یک سو و همچنین تفاوت در ویژگی‌ها و عملکرد شرکت‌های دانش‌بنیان از سوی دیگر، نیاز به دسته‌بندی شرکت‌ها بر اساس متغیرهای مؤثر بر تأمین مالی و به تبع آن پیشنهاد ابزارهای مناسب برای هر گروه احساس می‌شود. در این مقاله با تحلیل خوشه‌ای 251 شرکت دانش‌بنیان، ساختار خوشه‌ای جدیدی مشتمل بر چهار خوشه تازه‌کاران، تولیدکنندگان کوچک، خدمات‌دهندگان کوچک و قدیمی‌ها ارائه و با شناسایی ویژگی‌های مالی این خوشه‌ها (به کمک پرسشنامه و همچنین بر اساس داده‌های صورت‌های مالی) ابزارهای مناسب تأمین مالی هر یک پیشنهاد شده است. در حالی که تازه‌کاران کمترین تعداد گزینه‌ها را برای تأمین مالی خود داشته‌اند قدیمی‌ها طیف گسترده‌ای از روش‌ها در دسترس‌شان بوده است. تولیدکنندگان و خدمات‌دهندگان کوچک نیز در برخی روش‌ها نظیر زیر کلید گرفتن انبار با یکدیگر متفاوت بوده‌اند.
Today, knowledge-based firms play a significant role in the competitiveness of countries and, therefore, attract the attention of policy makers. One of the biggest challenges of survival and growth in these companies is the suitability of financing. Although different financing instruments are defined for them and various studies have been conducted about these instruments, the major part of these researches are focused on the firm's life cycle. Hence, the variability of instruments on the one hand and differences in the characteristics and performance of the firms on the other hand rise a need to cluster them (firms), based on the factors affecting on the financing, and consequently suggesting the suitable instruments for each cluster. Therefore in this study, financial features have been identified with the help of a questionnaire and their financial statements, also, a cluster analysis has been done with a sample size of 253 Iranian knowledge-based firms. As a result, there is a taxonomy of four types of firms named: New-Comers, Small Manufacturers, Small Service focused firms and Old-timers and suitable financial instruments for each of them are determined. Accordingly, New-Comers have the least choices for financing and Old-timers are faced with a vast range of instruments. Financing for Small Producers and Small Service Providers are different in some cases such as Warehouse Receipts.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
Financing Instruments, Knowledge-Based Firms, Financial Supporting of Knowledge-Based Firms
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